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Marie of Oignies
Marie of Oignies (born Nivelles, now Belgium, 1177, died 1213) was a Beguine, known from the ''Life'' written by James of Vitry, for Fulk of Toulouse.〔Andre Vauchez, ''Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages'' (2001 translation), p. 907.〕
Marie did not live a cloistered life following an approved rule, but rather adopted a free form of devout life marked by strenuous asceticism and manual labour, as well as mystical gifts of a new kind. Marie received many visions from God, experienced ecstasy and wept uncontrollably when meditating on the Passion of Christ. She did not eat meat, dressed in white clothes, and mortified her flesh in acts of penance.〔("Mapping Margery Kempe", College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts )〕
Her life was recorded as early as 1215 by her confessor, James (or Jacques) of Vitry, His account helped gain papal approval for the Beguines.〔William Westcott Kibler, ''Medieval France: An Encyclopedia'' (1995), p. 484.〕
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